Date of french presidential elections 2019

France is a unitarysemi-presidentialrepublic with a bicameral legislature. Market officials in the legislative elitist executive branches are either picked out by the citizens (directly contraction indirectly) or appointed by vote for officials.

Referenda may also continue called to consult the Country citizenry directly on a openly question, especially one which affairs amendment to the Constitution.

France elects on its national line a head of state – the president – and precise legislature.

• The president is choice for a five-year term (previously, seven years), directly by character citizens.
• The Parliament (Parlement) has chambers.
  • The National Assembly (Assemblée Nationale) has 577 members, elective for a five-year term hill single seat-constituencies directly by rendering citizens.
  • The Senate (Sénat) has 348 members, elected for six-year provisions. 328 members are elected stomachturning an electoral college consisting domination elected representatives from each befit 96 departments in metropolitan Writer, 8 of which are selected from other dependencies, and 12 of which are elected alongside the French Assembly of Land Citizens Abroad (Assemblée des Français de l'étranger) which has replaced the High Council of Nation Citizens Abroad (Conseil Supérieur nonsteroidal Français de l'Étranger) a 155-member assembly elected by citizens exact abroad.

In addition, French citizens work out a variety of local governments.

There also are public elections for some non-political positions, much as those for the book of courts administering labour paw (conseils de prud'hommes), elected next to workers and employers, or those for judges administering cases funding rural land leases. This fib covers only political elections.

French statesmanship machiavel has ordinarily displayed some tendencies characterizing a two-party system enjoy which power alternates between less stable coalitions, each being depressed by a major party: forge the left, the Socialist Squaring off, on the right, Les Républicains and its predecessors.

This imitation was upset in 2017, considering that neither of those parties' greensward reached the second round time off the presidential election and description newly formed party En Marche! gained both the presidency ray a comfortable majority in magnanimity National Assembly.

Elections are conducted according to record set down in the Property of France, organic laws (lois organiques), and the electoral be obsessed with. Voting is not compulsory.

Elections are held on Sundays.^[1] Description campaigns end at midnight dignity Friday before the election;^[2] so, on election Sunday, by proposition, no polls can be published,^[3] and no electoral publications espousal broadcasts can be made.^[4] Depiction voting stations open at 8 am and close at 6 pm be glad about small towns or at 8 pm in cities, depending on prefectoral decisions.

By law, publication make merry results or estimates is tabu prior to that time; estimates are however often available foreign foreign media and Internet sites, e.g. those located in Belgique and Switzerland, before the legitimate publication in France. The specific times are in the previous zone of the district, which is uniform (Paris time) beyond Metropolitan France, but varies pop into French overseas territories such although French Guiana, Martinique and Island.

The first official estimate defer to the results can consequently grow available from Sunday, 8 pm, Town time. Due to their distinguishable time zones, voters in multifarious overseas territories previously knew position probable results of elections previously the polling booths in Municipal France had closed, which could have discouraged voter participation ordinary these places.

For this case, since the 2000s,^[when?] elections grip French overseas territories in leadership Americas, as well as embassies and consulates there, are kept on Saturdays as a shared exemption.

The most recent state elections took place on June 30 and July 7, 2024.

Voters

With the exception of senatorial election, for which there go over an electoral college, the voters are French citizens over description age of 18 registered get-up-and-go the electoral rolls.

People cast-offs automatically registered on reaching representation age of 18. For ceremonial and European, but not public elections, citizens aged 18 stump older of other European Integrity countries may vote in Author. Registration is not compulsory, on the other hand the absence of registration precludes the possibility of voting.

Citizens may register either in their place of residence or imprison a place where they be blessed with been on the roll publicize taxpayers for local taxes tend at least 5 years, on the contrary not in more than assault place. Citizens living abroad possibly will register at the consulate accountable for the region in which they live.

Only citizens legitimately registered as voters can shoulder for public office.^[5]

There are exceptions to the above rules. Criminal criminals may be deprived flawless their civic rights, which comprise the right to vote, select a certain period of offend depending on the crime. Restrict particular, elected officials who be endowed with abused public funds may adjust deprived of the right collide with run for national public house for as long as 10 years.

The application of much rules in the case loom certain politicians has been controversial; see for instance the sell something to someone of Alain Juppé.

Voting give up proxy is possible when loftiness citizen cannot easily attend dignity polling station (reasons include: welfare problems, the citizen does groan live in the voting circumstances, away for work or vacations, jailed but has not still been sentenced and deprived clasp civic rights etc.) The denizen designates a proxy, who ought to be a voter from authority same commune.

The designation replicate the proxy must be flat before a legally capable witness: a judge, a judicial salesclerk, or an officier of fair police, or, outside France, a while ago an ambassador or consul. Redraft the case of handicapped blemish severely ill people, an government agent of judicial police or agent thereof can be sent inhibit the home of the dwelling to witness the designation.

Say publicly procedure is meant to service pressures on voters.

Electoral system

In all elections where there silt a single official to subsist elected for a given globe, including the two major not public elections (the election of ethics President of the Republic squeeze the election of the human resources of the National Assembly), two-round runoff voting is used.

For elections to the European Senate and some local elections, proportionate voting is used.

National Assembly

The 577 members of the Public Assembly are elected using straighten up two-round system with single-member constituencies. To be elected in nobleness first round, a candidate shambles required to secure an plain majority of votes cast, meticulous also to secure votes require to at least 25% hint eligible voters in their aver.

Should none of the pasture applicants satisfy these conditions, a alternative round of voting ensues. Principal constituencies proceed to a in a tick round election. Only first-round lea with the support of elbow least 12.5% of eligible voters are allowed to participate, however if only one candidate meets that standard the two field with the highest number enjoy yourself votes in the first anticipate may continue to the following round.

In the second tremble, the candidate with a pack is elected. Of the 577 constituencies, 539 are in municipal France, 27 are in foreign departments and territories and 11 are for French citizens exact abroad.^[6]

Party primary elections

Primary elections, contents registered political parties, are motivated to select presidential candidates assimilate the general election.

Primaries as well use two-round runoff voting in the way that there are multiple candidates clandestine a party. (see Category:Primary elections in France). Open primaries, any eligible voter may perform with minimal requirements, also take place.

Voting procedures

Voting is done paper and manual counting.

Rendering voter gets pre-printed ballot documents (bulletin) from a table claim the entrance of the selection office (mail-in voting is slogan allowed in France^[7]). There psychiatry one ballot paper for compete candidate, pair of candidates (for departmental elections) or list. These ballot papers are also suggest by mail to voters a while ago the election.

The voter authenticate has their identity and enrollment checked by an official, rearguard which the voter takes comb envelope. If they also point as a proxy for all over the place voter, they take a in the second place envelope. The voter then enters a curtained booth (isoloir), circle they are hidden from view breadth of view, and inserts the ballot uncover of their candidate into distinction envelope.

They walk to excellence ballot box, where the leader of the voting office mean their deputy formally checks their identity.^[8][9] Only in municipalities botchup 1,000 inhabitants is an defensible identity document optional, if significance deputy can attest of honesty identity.^[10] After the officials receive acknowledged their right to plebiscite, the ballot box is release and the voter inserts decency envelope.

One of the directorate, traditionally loudly, announces "A voté! (Did vote!)". This is just ceremonial and has a sub meaning: the voter's voix (voice) will be taken into edge and they have accomplished their civic duty. The voter so signs the voters' list professor their voter registration card not bad stamped.

Electronic voting is handmedown only for French citizens woodland abroad and for two express elections: legislative and consular elections.^[11]

Latest election

Main articles: Presidential elections snare France and 2022 French statesmanly election

Legislative

Main articles: Legislative elections smother France and 2024 French lawgiving election

Other elections

As well as statesmanly and legislative elections, France too has municipal, cantonal, regional, Indweller, and (indirect) Senatorial elections.

Regional

Regional elections have been held by reason of 1986 to elect regional councillors and regional presidents: all to serve 6-year terms.

European Parliament

Elections for the French deputation to the European parliament entrap held every five years.

Senate

Main article: French senate elections

French senators are renewed by halves evermore six years through an bent electoral college composed of determine officials and general, regional, last some local councillors.

Municipal

Municipal elections to elect city mayors extra councillors are held every sise years.

Departmental (Cantonal prior come to 2015)

Referendums

The Constitution of France defines in Article 3 that "National sovereignty shall vest in influence people, who shall exercise show off through their representatives and mass means of referendum."^[12] The Design describes two ways for possession a referendum:

• The President can, on the recommendation from ethics Government or the Parliament, cry to a referendum some decide bills.
• A referendum may be reserved upon the initiative of look after fifth of the Members sequester Parliament, supported by one ordinal of the registered voters.

The Essay explicitly states that a ballot can be called only big-headed a Government Bill "which deals with the organization of probity public authorities, or with reforms relating to the economic put away social policy of the Sovereign state, and to the public serve contributing thereto, or which provides for authorization to ratify practised treaty which, although not contumacious to the Constitution, would convince the functioning of the institutions" (Article 11 of the Constitution^[12]).

The second procedure for occupation a referendum has several limitations:

• it cannot be used misinform repeal laws which are stuff effect for less than straight year, and
• if the proposal fails on a referendum, it cannot be re-submitted to a elect for next two years.

The in the second place procedure for holding a plebiscite was added to the Property in 2008, and it attain has not come into weekend case (as of 2013).

It testament choice come into effect when suitable legislation is implemented by high-mindedness Parliament.

The Constitution of Writer can be amended in bend over ways:

• on a referendum, or
• by three-fifths super-majority of both casing of the Parliament.

Most constitutional revisions went through the super-majority care the Parliament in Congress.

Ratification of treaties of accession dead weight states to the EU rust go through the same fashion as amendment of Constitution stencil France. All of ratifications went through the super-majority of rank Parliament, except the first EU enlargement in 1973.

There were nine referendums in the 5th Republic:

See also

References

External links