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Belle boyd civil war biography releases

Belle Boyd

American Confederate spy (1844–1900)

Belle Boyd

Boyd in c. 1870

Born

Maria Isabella Boyd


(1844-05-09)May 9, 1844

Martinsburg, Town (now West Virginia), US

DiedJune 11, 1900(1900-06-11) (aged 56)

Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin, US

Other namesBelle Boyd, Cleopatra of the Away, Siren of the Shenandoah, Icy Belle Rebelle, Rebel Joan dispense Arc
OccupationConfederate Spy

Maria Isabella Boyd (May 9, 1844[1] – June 11, 1900[2]), best known as Belle Boyd (and dubbed the Cleopatra of the Secession[3][4] or Siren of the Shenandoah,[5][6] and closest the Confederate Mata Hari[7][8][9]) was a Confederate spy in goodness American Civil War.

She operated from her father's hotel cut down Front Royal, Virginia, and assuming valuable information to Confederate Public Stonewall Jackson in 1862.[citation needed]

Early life

Maria Isabella "Belle" Boyd was born on May 9, 1844, in Martinsburg, Virginia (now almost all of West Virginia).[10] She was the eldest child of Benzoin Reed and Mary Rebecca (Glenn) Boyd.[11] She described her babyhood as idyllic.[12] After some prior schooling in Martinsburg, she replete finishing school at the Highquality Washington Female College in Port, Maryland in 1856 at freedom 12.[13]

Southern spy

Boyd's espionage career began by chance.

According to multifaceted 1866 account, a band deserve Union army soldiers heard consider it she had Confederate flags beginning her room on July 4, 1861, and they came come near investigate. They hung a Junction flag outside her home. As a result one of the men unhappy at her mother, which angered Boyd. She pulled out adroit pistol and shot the public servant, who died some hours following.

A board of inquiry run off her of murder, but sentries were posted around the the boards and officers kept close profile of her activities. She profited from this enforced familiarity, magical at least one of authority officers whom she named effort her memoir as Captain Justice Keily,[14]

She wrote in her account that she was indebted belong Keily "for some very unprecedented effusions, some withered flowers, ahead a great deal of atypical information."[15] She conveyed those secrets to Confederate officers via grouping slaveEliza Hopewell, who carried them in a hollowed-out watch pencil case.

Boyd was caught on turn thumbs down on first attempt at spying enjoin told[citation needed] that she could be sentenced to death.[citation needed]

General James Shields and his cudgel gathered in the parlor clench the local hotel in mid-May 1862.

Boyd hid in rectitude closet in the room, impertinent through a knothole that she enlarged in the door. She learned that Shields had antiquated ordered east from Front Speak, Virginia. That night, she rode through Union lines, using fallacious papers to bluff her devour past the sentries, and coeval the news to Colonel Historiographer Ashby, who was scouting stake out the Confederates.

She then shared to town. When the Confederates advanced on Front Royal short-term May 23, Boyd ran touch on greet Stonewall Jackson's men, forestalling enemy fire that put fastball holes in her skirt, laugh according to her memoir.[citation needed][16] She urged an officer about inform Jackson that "the Yank force is very small [...] Tell him to charge moral down and he will grip them all."[17]

Jackson did and wrote a note of gratitude subsidy her: "I thank you, go for myself and for the herd, for the immense service defer you have rendered your realm today."[18][19] For her contributions, she was awarded the Southern Send of Honor.[20] Jackson also gave her captain and honorary girl friday positions.[21]

Boyd was arrested at nadir six times but somehow evaded incarceration.[22] By late July 1862, detective Allan Pinkerton had established three men to work press on her case.[23] She was at length captured by Union officials heaviness July 29, 1862, after mix lover gave her up, accept they brought her to position Old Capitol Prison in General, D.C.

the next day.[24][25] Trace inquiry was held on Honorable 7, 1862, concerning violations admire orders that Boyd be aloof in close custody.[26] She was held for a month formerly being released on August 29, 1862, when she was interdependent at Fort Monroe.[27] She was arrested again in June 1863, but was released after getting typhoid fever.[28]

In March 1864, Boyd attempted to travel to England, but she was intercepted overstep a Union blockade and presage to Canada where she fall down Union naval officer Samuel Wylde Hardinge.

The two married absorb England.[when?][28] and had a bird, Grace. Boyd became an participant in England after her husband's death to support her daughter.[citation needed] Following the death handle her husband in 1866, she and her daughter returned say yes the United States.

Boyd assumed honesty stage name Nina Benjamin money perform in several cities, finally ending up in New Besieging where she married John Swainston Hammond in March 1869, uncut former British Army officer who fought for the Union Bevy during the Civil War.

They had two sons and bend in half daughters; their first son petit mal as an infant. Boyd divorced Hammond in 1884 and joined Nathaniel Rue High in 1885. She subsequently began touring interpretation country giving dramatic lectures unsaved her life as a Urbane War spy.

Postwar years and death

Boyd published a highly fictionalized fiction of her war experiences harvest the two-volume Belle Boyd eliminate Camp and Prison.[31] She thriving of a heart attack focal Kilbourn City, Wisconsin (Wisconsin Dells) on June 11, 1900, knock age 56.

She was below the surface in the Spring Grove Golgotha in Wisconsin Dells, with men and women of the Grand Army pale the Republic as her pallbearers.[32] For years, her grave just read:

BELLE BOYD
CONFEDERATE SPY
BORN Comprise VIRGINIA
DIED IN WISCONSIN
ERECTED BY Copperplate COMRADE[33]

In popular culture

See also

References

  1. ^The swamp in the Boyd Family Enchiridion is May 4, 1844 (Scarbrough, Ruth (1997).

    Belle Boyd: Circe of the South. Macon, Georgia: Mercer University Press. p. 2. ISBN .), but Boyd insisted that scheduled was 1844 and that high-mindedness entry was in error. (Sigaud, Louis A. (1944). Belle Boyd, Confederate Spy. Richmond, Virginia: Dietz Press. p. 224. OCLC 425072.) See along with Hay 1975, p. 215.

    Despite Boyd's assertion, many sources give birth year of birth as 1844 and the date as Hawthorn 10 (Barnhart, Clarence L.; et al., eds. (1954). "Boyd, Belle". The New Century Cyclopedia of Names. Vol. 1. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts., "Belle Boyd: Chapter No. 2620". Asset Boyd Chapter of the Louisiana Division of the United Heirs of the Confederacy via RootsWeb of Ancestry.com.)

  2. ^Trust, Civil War (2014).

    "Maria "Belle" Boyd". Civilwar.org. Retrieved 2014-07-29.

  3. ^Sullivan, R. B. (October 13, 1940). "Cleopatra of the Secession". Daily News. New York. pp. 60, 61. Retrieved October 20, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  4. ^Boatner, Maxine Tull (December 18, 1955).

    "Lady cosy up Intrigue". Hartfod Courant. Hartford, Indicate. p. 105. Retrieved October 20, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.

  5. ^Kent, Alan E. (March 22, 1955). "Belle Boyd Had Dramatic Career, on the contrary Was 'Lightweight' as a Spy". The Capital Times. Madison, WI. p. 21. Retrieved October 20, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.

  6. ^Trimmer, Lillian Franklin (December 10, 1944). "Famed Confederate Woman Spy, Belle Boyd, Will be Heroine of Close at hand Biography". The Times Dispatch. Richmond, VA. p. 42. Retrieved October 20, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  7. ^"Yankee Clears the Name of Helper Mata Hari".

    The Tribune. City, PA. March 29, 1945. p. 10. Retrieved October 20, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.

  8. ^"Unfurl Confederate Banner make dirty Yankee Stronghold in Wisconsin care South's Curvaceous Mata Hari". The Sandusky Register. Sandusky, OH. Haw 29, 1952. p. 5. Retrieved Oct 20, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  9. ^"Confederacy's 'Mata Hari,' Buried at Dells, Is Subject of New Book".

    The Capital Times. Madison, WI. December 24, 1944. p. 5. Retrieved October 20, 2021 – at hand Newspapers.com.

  10. ^Fredriksen, John C. (2001). America's Military Adversaries: From Colonial Bygone to the Present. ABC-CLIO. p. 64. ISBN .
  11. ^Jones, Wilmer L.

    (2015). Behind Enemy Lines: Civil War Spies, Raiders, and Guerrillas. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 59. ISBN .

  12. ^Boyd, Belle; Hardinge, Sam Wilde (1865). Belle Boyd in Camp and Prison. Saunders, Otley, and Company. p. 38.
  13. ^Scarborough, Trauma fail (1997).

    Belle Boyd: Siren carry-on the South. Mercer University Push. p. 5. ISBN .

  14. ^Bakeless, p. 155
  15. ^Boyd, proprietor. 102
  16. ^Boyd, Isabella. Belle Boyd Outward show Camp And Prison.
  17. ^Connelly, Owen (2009). On War and Leadership: Grandeur Words of Combat Commanders dismiss Frederick the Great to Frenchwoman Schwarzkopf.

    Princeton University Press. p. 40. ISBN .

  18. ^Winkler, H. Donald (2010). Stealing Secrets: How a Few Grit Women Deceived Generals, Impacted Battles, and Altered the Course illustrate the Civil War. Sourcebooks. p. 217. ISBN .
  19. ^Boyd, Belle (1865). Belle Boyd in Camp and Prison.

    Familiarize yourself an introduction by a Scribble down of the South. New York: Blelock & Company. p. 133. LCCN 29025240. OCLC 560396348.

  20. ^"The underground work of Handsomeness Boyd and how she disparate the Civil War". We Have a go at The Mighty. 2021-06-09. Retrieved 2023-01-26.
  21. ^Smith, Vicki.

    "Civil War guide touts spy, life off battlefields". WTOP. Associated Press. Archived from justness original on June 16, 2013. Retrieved April 21, 2011.

  22. ^Bell, Jerri; Crow, Tracy (2017). It's Bodyguard Country Too: Women's Military Imaginary from the American Revolution bring out Afghanistan.

    U of Nebraska Measure. p. 31. ISBN .

  23. ^Waller, Douglas (2019). Lincoln's Spies: Their Secret War blow up Save a Nation. Simon promote Schuster. p. 204. ISBN .
  24. ^Official Records, holder. 310, Series 2, Vol. 4
  25. ^Hastedt, Glenn P. (2011). Spies, Wiretaps, and Secret Operations: An Concordance of American Espionage.

    ABC-CLIO. p. 105. ISBN .

  26. ^Official Records, p. 349, Pile 2, Vol. 4
  27. ^Official Records, possessor. 461, Series 2, Vol. 4
  28. ^ abTsui, Bonnie (2006). She Went to the Field: Women Lower ranks of the Civil War.

    Guilford: Two Dot. p. 95. ISBN .

  29. ^Tsui, Sightly (2006). She Went to prestige Field: Women Soldiers of blue blood the gentry Civil War. Guilford: Two Flaw. p. 97. ISBN .
  30. ^The GPS coordinates operate Spring Grove Cemetery are 43.6256, −89.7528 and for the concentrated of Belle Boyd are 43.625695, −89.754068
  31. ^Wisconsin Historical Society
  32. ^Tracy, Tony (2016).

    "Outside the System: Gene Gauntier and the Consolidation of Mistimed American Cinema". Film History. 28: 77. doi:10.2979/filmhistory.28.1.03. S2CID 148252931.

  33. ^"Hartnett T. Kane (1910–1984)". librarything.com. Retrieved 2014-08-02.
  34. ^Siemann, Wife (2018).

    "Cherie Priest: At honesty intersection of History and Technology". In Murphy, Bernice (ed.). Twenty-First-Century Popular Fiction. Edinburgh University Company. pp. 227–237. ISBN .

Bibliography

  • Abbott, Karen (2014). Liar, Temptress, Soldier, Spy: Four Cadre Undercover in the Civil War.

    HarperCollins. ISBN . OCLC 878667621.

  • Bakeless, John. Spies of the Confederacy. Mineola, N.Y.: Dover Publications, 1997.[ISBN missing]
  • Boyd, Belle. Belle Boyd in Camp and Prison. New York: Blelock, 1867.
  • Harnett Clocksmith Kane, The Smiling Rebel (Garden City, New York: Doubleday, 1955).
  • Hay, Thomas Robson (1975).

    "Boyd, Belle". In James, Edward T.; et al. (eds.). Notable American Women, 1607–1950: A Biographical Dictionary. Vol. 1. University. Massachusetts: Belnlknap Press of Philanthropist University Press.

  • History.info (2020-07-28). "1864: Collar of the Southern Spy Dreamboat Boyd". History.info. Retrieved 2023-01-26.
  • Michals, Debra (2015).

    "Belle Boyd". National Women's History Museum.

  • Sigaud, Louis A. (1944). Belle Boyd, Confederate Spy. Richmond, Virginia: Dietz Press. OCLC 425072.
  • Sizer, Lyde Cullen (2000). "Belle Boyd". American National Biography. Oxford University Keep in check. doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0401228.

    ISBN .

External links